用JavaScript生成由字母数字组成的随机数

Kevin 杂记 839 次浏览 41条评论

Math.random()，一个广泛使用的JavaScript随机数生成函数，使用它可以生成0-1之间的浮点数，也就是0.XXXXXX这种形式的随机数值，不会生成单位1整数。通过配合toString()函数可以进一步转换为Base36数值，字符范围扩展为0-9数字+小写26个字母。最后再用substr()函数提取部分字符就可以得到一个字母数字简单随机数。

如下面JavaScript代码可以随机生成一个8位数密码，效果点此预览。

Math.random().toString(36).substr(2,8)

提示：由于Math.random()只能生成简单随机数，因此并不适合要求高安全性的使用场景。如果有这方面需求，请用Crypto.getRandomValues()这个API，它可以生成足够强度的安全随机数。比较不好的一点是老旧浏览器不支持，IE要求11及以上版本。

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